<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><placename>  <system>China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University</system>  <license>CC BY-NC 4.0</license>  <uri>https://chgis.hudci.org/tgaz/placename/hvd_83118</uri> <spellings>    <spelling>      <written-form script="traditional Chinese">樂寧縣</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <written-form script="simplified Chinese">乐宁县</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <transcription system="Pinyin">Lening Xian</transcription>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>  </spellings>  <feature-type>    <name>县</name>    <alternate-name>縣</alternate-name>    <transcription>xian</transcription>    <translation lang="en">county</translation>  </feature-type>  <temporal>    <begin>470</begin>    <begin-rule>3</begin-rule>    <end>589</end>    <end-rule>2</end-rule>  </temporal>  <spatial>    <object-type>POINT</object-type>    <xy-type>point</xy-type>    <latitude-direction>N</latitude-direction>    <degrees-latitude>32.24096</degrees-latitude>    <longitude-direction>E</longitude-direction>    <degrees-longitude>114.18869</degrees-longitude>    <geo-source>FROM_FD</geo-source>    <present-location>    </present-location>  </spatial>  <historical-context>    <part-of-relationships>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_34178" from="470" to="471" >        <parent-name>宋安郡</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Songan Jun</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_34178" from="472" to="589" >        <parent-name>宋安郡</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Songan Jun</transcribed-name>      </part-of>    </part-of-relationships>    <subordinate-units><br />
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        <transcribed-name></transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>    </subordinate-units>  </historical-context>  <data-source>CHGIS</data-source>  <source-note>    <![CDATA[      乐宁县（470—589年）

刘宋泰始470年置，属宋安郡，①治所在今河南省信阳市东北。② 
隋589年，县随宋安郡废。③ 

注：
	① 《魏书》卷一〇六中：“宋安郡刘彧置，魏因之。领县二。乐宁，有成阳关、鸡头山。东随，有黄岘关、长平山庙。”（北京：中华书局，1974年，第2568页。）
	② 《中国历史地名辞典》：“成阳县，西汉置，治所在今河南省信阳市东北。东汉废。南朝梁复置。隋废。”（南昌：江西教育出版社，1988年，第293页。）又，《魏书》卷一〇六中：“宋安郡刘彧置，魏因之。领县二。乐宁，有成阳关、鸡头山。东随，有黄岘关、长平山庙。”（北京：中华书局，1974年，第2568页。）乐宁县治所当在原成阳治所附近。
③ 县废时间不详。同在宋安郡的东随县于589年改名礼山县，宋安郡同时废除，故推断乐宁县同年废除。    ]]>  </source-note>  <source-uri>      </source-uri></placename>