<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><placename>  <system>China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University</system>  <license>CC BY-NC 4.0</license>  <uri>https://chgis.hudci.org/tgaz/placename/hvd_83093</uri> <spellings>    <spelling>      <written-form script="traditional Chinese">信陽縣</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <written-form script="simplified Chinese">信阳县</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <transcription system="Pinyin">Xinyang Xian</transcription>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>  </spellings>  <feature-type>    <name>县</name>    <alternate-name>縣</alternate-name>    <transcription>xian</transcription>    <translation lang="en">county</translation>  </feature-type>  <temporal>    <begin>1377</begin>    <begin-rule>6</begin-rule>    <end>1475</end>    <end-rule>6</end-rule>  </temporal>  <spatial>    <object-type>POINT</object-type>    <xy-type>point</xy-type>    <latitude-direction>N</latitude-direction>    <degrees-latitude>32.13112</degrees-latitude>    <longitude-direction>E</longitude-direction>    <degrees-longitude>114.06924</degrees-longitude>    <geo-source>FROM_AC</geo-source>    <present-location>    </present-location>  </spatial>  <historical-context>    <part-of-relationships>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_84007" from="1377" to="1475" >        <parent-name>汝宁府</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Runing Fu</transcribed-name>      </part-of>    </part-of-relationships>    <subordinate-units><br />
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        <transcribed-name></transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>    </subordinate-units>  </historical-context>  <data-source>CHGIS</data-source>  <source-note>    <![CDATA[      信阳县（1377—1475年）

明洪武十年五月戊寅（1377年6月7日），信阳州降为信阳县，属汝宁府。治所在今河南省信阳市。
明成化十一年九月辛未（1475年10月24日），升为信阳州，属汝宁府。①

注：
① 牛平汉编著：《明代政区沿革综表》，（北京：中国地图出版社，1997年，第112页，）《明史》卷四十二：“信阳州，元为信阳县，属信阳州，后废。洪武元年十月置信阳州于此，属河南分省。四年二月属中都临濠府。七年八月改属。十年五月降为县。成化十一年九月复升为州。西南有贤首山。南有士雅山，又有岘山。东南有石城山，亦曰冥山。北有淮水，又南有浉水流入焉。东北距府二百七十里。领县一。”（北京：中华书局，1974年，第986页。）    ]]>  </source-note>  <source-uri>      </source-uri></placename>