<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><placename>  <system>China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University</system>  <license>CC BY-NC 4.0</license>  <uri>https://chgis.hudci.org/tgaz/placename/hvd_70176</uri> <spellings>    <spelling>      <written-form script="traditional Chinese">長城縣</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <written-form script="simplified Chinese">长城县</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <transcription system="Pinyin">Changcheng Xia</transcription>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>  </spellings>  <feature-type>    <name>县</name>    <alternate-name>縣</alternate-name>    <transcription>xian</transcription>    <translation lang="en">county</translation>  </feature-type>  <temporal>    <begin>553</begin>    <begin-rule>4</begin-rule>    <end>606</end>    <end-rule>4</end-rule>  </temporal>  <spatial>    <object-type>POINT</object-type>    <xy-type>point</xy-type>    <latitude-direction>N</latitude-direction>    <degrees-latitude>35.80892</degrees-latitude>    <longitude-direction>E</longitude-direction>    <degrees-longitude>106.41953</degrees-longitude>    <geo-source>FROM_FD</geo-source>    <present-location><br />
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     </present-location>  </spatial>  <historical-context>    <part-of-relationships>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_115087" from="553" to="582" >        <parent-name>长城郡</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Changcheng Jun</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_113300" from="583" to="606" >        <parent-name>原州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Yuan Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>    </part-of-relationships>    <subordinate-units><br />
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      <subordinate-unit sys-id="" from="" to="" ><br />
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        <name></name><br />
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        <transcribed-name></transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>    </subordinate-units>  </historical-context>  <data-source>CHGIS</data-source>  <source-note>    <![CDATA[      长城县（553—606） 
西魏废帝二年（553 年）改黄石县为长城县，属长城郡①。开皇三年（583 年）属原州。大业三年（607 年）改为百泉县，属平凉郡②。治所在今甘肃省平凉县西北八十里③。
①《隋书》卷29《地理上》平凉郡百泉县条：“后魏置长城郡及黄石县，西魏改黄石为长城。开皇初县改为百泉”，中华书局1973 年版，第812 页。《太平寰宇记》卷33《关西道9》原州百泉县条：“百泉县，东九十里，五乡，亦汉朝那县故地，在今县理西四十五里。后魏正光五年于今县西阳晋川置黄石县。废帝二年改为长城县。隋大业二年改长城为百泉。武徳八年移于今理”。
②《元和郡县图志》卷3《关内道三?原州》平高县条：“本汉髙平县，属安定郡。后魏太武帝太延二年于今县理置平髙县，属平髙郡。隋开皇三年罢郡，以县属原州。大业三年以原州为平凉郡。武徳元年重为原州，县仍属”，中华书局1983 年版，第58 页。
③顾祖禹《读史方舆纪要》卷58《陕西七》平凉府平凉县条：“百泉城，府西北八十里。本姚秦时之黄石固。赫连夏置长城护军于此。后魏因置长城郡，治黄石县。西魏改黄石为长城县。隋初，郡废，县属原州。大业初，又改长城县为百泉。”，中华书局2005 年版，第2778 页。    ]]>  </source-note>  <source-uri>      </source-uri></placename>