<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><placename>  <system>China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University</system>  <license>CC BY-NC 4.0</license>  <uri>https://chgis.hudci.org/tgaz/placename/hvd_44642</uri> <spellings>    <spelling>      <written-form script="traditional Chinese">同昌縣</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <written-form script="simplified Chinese">同昌县</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <transcription system="Pinyin">Tongchang Xian</transcription>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>  </spellings>  <feature-type>    <name>县</name>    <alternate-name>縣</alternate-name>    <transcription>xian</transcription>    <translation lang="en">county</translation>  </feature-type>  <temporal>    <begin>557</begin>    <begin-rule>1</begin-rule>    <end>588</end>    <end-rule>4</end-rule>  </temporal>  <spatial>    <object-type>POINT</object-type>    <xy-type>point</xy-type>    <latitude-direction>N</latitude-direction>    <degrees-latitude>31.57364</degrees-latitude>    <longitude-direction>E</longitude-direction>    <degrees-longitude>107.10965</degrees-longitude>    <geo-source>FROM_AC</geo-source>    <present-location><br />
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     </present-location>  </spatial>  <historical-context>    <part-of-relationships>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_115845" from="557" to="582" >        <parent-name>遂宁郡</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Suining Jun</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30271" from="583" to="588" >        <parent-name>巴州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Ba Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>    </part-of-relationships>    <subordinate-units><br />
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      <subordinate-unit sys-id="" from="" to="" ><br />
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        <name></name><br />
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        <transcribed-name></transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>    </subordinate-units>  </historical-context>  <data-source>CHGIS</data-source>  <source-note>    <![CDATA[      同昌县（557—588年）<br><br>北周闵帝元年（557年）改平州县为同昌县，属遂郡。①故治即今四川平昌县治“城东”。②隋开皇三年（583年）郡废，属巴州。九年（589年）改名归仁县。③<br><br>注：<br>①《隋书》卷29《地理志上》：“清化郡，旧置巴州，统县十四：……开皇初郡废。大业初置清化郡。……归仁，梁置，后周改曰同昌，开皇中改名焉。”（第3册，819页）《北周地理志》：“《舆地纪胜》所引《元和志》并《寰宇记》并不言有北周改平州为同昌事，然平州语近平周，自上宇文所忌，恐《隋志》北周改同昌之说为有据也。”（上册，352页）从之。今作北周闵帝元年（557年）改。<br>②《太平寰宇记》卷139“巴州清化郡，今理化城县。……曾口县，东南四十里。……废归仁县在县东南八十里。本汉宕渠县地。梁普通六年于此置平州县，属遂宁郡。因县界平州水为名。后魏不改。隋开皇三年罢郡，以县属巴州。九年改平州县为归仁县。皇朝乾德四年并入曾口。木兰山在县西二十五里。北水西北自曾口县界来，东南流经县南一里，又东南流入永穆县界。平州水东北自广纳县界来，流经县东五里。又南合北水。”（光绪金陵书局本）<br>《清嘉庆一统志》第144册，卷391《保宁府二·古迹》：“归仁废县，在巴州东南。”据《寰宇记》平州县在曾口县东南八十里，北水经其县南一里，平州水自广纳县来，在县城东五里与北水合。按：北水即今巴江，平州水自广纳县来，广纳县即今通江县南广纳，即平州水即今通江，两水在今平昌县（城东）南会合。则故平州县治即今平昌县治城东。<br>③《太平寰宇记》卷139“巴州清化郡，今理化城县。……曾口县，东南四十里。……废归仁县在县东南八十里。本汉宕渠县地。梁普通六年于此置平州县，属遂宁郡。因县界平州水为名。后魏不改。隋开皇三年罢郡，以县属巴州。九年改平州县为归仁县。皇朝乾德四年并入曾口。”（光绪金陵书局本）    ]]>  </source-note>  <source-uri>      </source-uri></placename>