<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><placename>  <system>China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University</system>  <license>CC BY-NC 4.0</license>  <uri>https://chgis.hudci.org/tgaz/placename/hvd_41919</uri> <spellings>    <spelling>      <written-form script="traditional Chinese">藥山縣</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <written-form script="simplified Chinese">药山县</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <transcription system="Pinyin">Yaoshan Xian</transcription>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>  </spellings>  <feature-type>    <name>县</name>    <alternate-name>縣</alternate-name>    <transcription>xian</transcription>    <translation lang="en">county</translation>  </feature-type>  <temporal>    <begin>535</begin>    <begin-rule>0</begin-rule>    <end>588</end>    <end-rule>0</end-rule>  </temporal>  <spatial>    <object-type>POINT</object-type>    <xy-type>point</xy-type>    <latitude-direction>N</latitude-direction>    <degrees-latitude>28.76365</degrees-latitude>    <longitude-direction>E</longitude-direction>    <degrees-longitude>112.35052</degrees-longitude>    <geo-source>FROM_AC</geo-source>    <present-location>    </present-location>  </spatial>  <historical-context>    <part-of-relationships>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_32883" from="535" to="588" >        <parent-name>药山郡</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Yaoshan Jun</transcribed-name>      </part-of>    </part-of-relationships>    <subordinate-units><br />
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        <transcribed-name></transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>    </subordinate-units>  </historical-context>  <data-source>CHGIS</data-source>  <source-note>    <![CDATA[      <html><body>药山县（535-588年）治所（傅林祥编写）<br><br>南朝梁置。⑴治所在今湖南沅江市驻地西。⑵为药山郡治。南朝陈因之。⑶隋开皇九年（589）平陈，改名安乐县。⑷<br><br>⑴《隋书》卷31《地理下》：“沅江，梁置，曰药山，仍为郡。平陈，郡废，县改曰安乐，十八年改曰沅江。”（北京，中华书局，3册，895页）<br>洪齮孙，《补梁疆域志》卷3：“药山郡，《隋志》：沅江，梁置，曰药山，仍为郡。《舆地广记》：汉益阳县地，梁置药山郡及药山县。领县二。”（北京，中华书局，《二十五史补编》，第4册，4411页。）<br>按：因无具体年份，暂作与罗州同时置，约南朝梁武帝大同元年（535年）。<br>⑵嘉庆《清一统志》卷365《常德府二》：“药山故城在沅江县西。梁置县，隋改曰安乐，寻改曰沅江。《隋书?地理志》：巴陵郡沅江，梁置曰药山，仍为郡，平陈，郡废，别曰安乐。十八年改曰沅江。《府志》：今乐山乡是也。”（135册，1页）<br>裴淮昌主编：《湖南省古今地名辞典》：“药山县……郡县同治，在今沅江市三眼塘一带。”（湖南出版社，353页）<br>⑶臧励和，《补陈疆域志》卷3；北京，中华书局，《二十五史补编》，第4册，4465页。<br>⑷《隋书》卷31《地理下》：“沅江，梁置，曰药山，仍为郡。平陈，郡废，县改曰安乐，十八年改曰沅江。”（北京，中华书局，3册，895页。）</body></html>    ]]>  </source-note>  <source-uri>      </source-uri></placename>