<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><placename>  <system>China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University</system>  <license>CC BY-NC 4.0</license>  <uri>https://chgis.hudci.org/tgaz/placename/hvd_41739</uri> <spellings>    <spelling>      <written-form script="traditional Chinese">湘鄉侯國</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <written-form script="simplified Chinese">湘乡侯国</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <transcription system="Pinyin">Xiangxiang Houguo</transcription>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>  </spellings>  <feature-type>    <name>侯国</name>    <alternate-name>侯國</alternate-name>    <transcription>hou guo</transcription>    <translation lang="en">marquisate</translation>  </feature-type>  <temporal>    <begin>-3</begin>    <begin-rule>0</begin-rule>    <end>8</end>    <end-rule>0</end-rule>  </temporal>  <spatial>    <object-type>POINT</object-type>    <xy-type>point</xy-type>    <latitude-direction>N</latitude-direction>    <degrees-latitude>27.73725</degrees-latitude>    <longitude-direction>E</longitude-direction>    <degrees-longitude>112.51875</degrees-longitude>    <geo-source>FROM_AC</geo-source>    <present-location>    </present-location>  </spatial>  <historical-context>    <part-of-relationships>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_32884" from="-3" to="8" >        <parent-name>零陵郡</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Lingling Jun</transcribed-name>      </part-of>    </part-of-relationships>    <subordinate-units><br />
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        <transcribed-name></transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>    </subordinate-units>  </historical-context>  <data-source>CHGIS</data-source>  <source-note>    <![CDATA[      <html><body>湘乡侯国（前3-8年）治所（傅林祥编写）<br><br>西汉哀帝建平四年（前3年），封长沙王子侯国湘乡，属零陵郡。⑴治所即今湖南湘乡市驻地。约王莽始建国元年（公元9年）国除为县。⑵<br><br>⑴《汉书》卷15下《王子侯表第三下》有湘乡侯昌，为长沙王子。于哀帝建平四年五月丙午封，十一年后免。（北京，中华书局，第2册，第519页）<br>李晓杰，《东汉政区地理》第十章《荆州、交趾二刺史部所辖诸郡沿革》：“据《汉书?王子侯表》，建平四年，哀帝封长沙王子昌为湘乡侯。（《汉书补注》引钱大昭曰：‘《通考》作长沙孝王子，此脱‘孝’字。’）元始五年，平帝封长沙刺王子赏为昭阳侯，景为承阳侯。周振鹤师以为赏、景二人当是长沙孝王子，非刺王子，《汉表》将二王错位（《西汉政区地理》面126），所论极是。汉制，王子侯封后当别属汉郡。《汉表》虽未言此三侯国别属何郡，然《续汉志》零陵郡下恰有湘乡、昭阳、烝阳（即西汉承阳）三县，故知西汉末年上述三王子侯国由长沙国别属零陵郡，而后汉零陵郡此三县之设皆当源于此也。《续汉志》所载零陵郡之领域状况，其实早在西汉末年即已形成，东汉初年只不过将此状况重新正式肯定下来而已。”（山东教育出版社，第209页）<br>⑵据《汉书?王子侯表》，今湖南境内的王子侯国，大多在王莽篡位时国绝。据此，暂定在王莽始建国元年（公元9年），国除，改置为湘乡县。</body></html>    ]]>  </source-note>  <source-uri>      </source-uri></placename>