<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><placename>  <system>China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University</system>  <license>CC BY-NC 4.0</license>  <uri>https://chgis.hudci.org/tgaz/placename/hvd_40378</uri> <spellings>    <spelling>      <written-form script="traditional Chinese">常熟縣</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <written-form script="simplified Chinese">常熟县</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <transcription system="Pinyin">Changshu Xian</transcription>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>  </spellings>  <feature-type>    <name>县</name>    <alternate-name>縣</alternate-name>    <transcription>xian</transcription>    <translation lang="en">county</translation>  </feature-type>  <temporal>    <begin>540</begin>    <begin-rule>0</begin-rule>    <end>588</end>    <end-rule>0</end-rule>  </temporal>  <spatial>    <object-type>POINT</object-type>    <xy-type>point</xy-type>    <latitude-direction>N</latitude-direction>    <degrees-latitude>31.53993</degrees-latitude>    <longitude-direction>E</longitude-direction>    <degrees-longitude>120.69239</degrees-longitude>    <geo-source>FROM_FD</geo-source>    <present-location>    </present-location>  </spatial>  <historical-context>    <part-of-relationships>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_32435" from="540" to="588" >        <parent-name>信义郡</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Xinyi Jun</transcribed-name>      </part-of>    </part-of-relationships>    <subordinate-units><br />
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        <transcribed-name></transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>    </subordinate-units>  </historical-context>  <data-source>CHGIS</data-source>  <source-note>    <![CDATA[      <html><body>常熟县（540——588）治所<br><br>南朝梁大同六年（540）析海虞县置。治所在今江苏常熟县南常熟故城。隋移治南沙城。<br><br>南朝梁大同六年（540）析海虞县置⑴，治所在今江苏常熟县南常熟故城⑵。属信义郡。隋移治南沙城⑶。<br><br><br>注<br>⑴唐·李吉甫：《元和郡县图志》卷25《江南道一》：“常熟县，紧。南至州一百里。本汉吴县地，梁大同六年置常熟县。”（北京，中华书局，1983年，贺次君点校本，601页）<br>⑵晋·刘昫：《旧唐书》卷40《地理三》：“常熟，晋分吴县置海虞县。梁改常熟县，今昆山县东一百三十里常熟故城是也。”（北京，中华书局，1975年，1586页）<br>《太平寰宇记》卷91《江南东道三》同为“县东”。<br>《隋书》卷31《地理下》：“常熟旧曰南沙，梁置信义郡。平陈废，并所领海阳、前京、信义、海虞、兴国、南沙入焉。”<br>《元和郡县志》和《太平寰宇记》关于南朝梁常熟县治所的记载难以理解，昆山县东或东北130里，当时大多尚未成陆，或置在沙洲上？《读史方舆纪要》卷24《江南六》常熟故城：“在今县南。刘昫曰：昆山县西百三十里有常熟故城。《九域志》：苏州北七十里有常熟故城，梁置县于此。”暂定点在今常熟县南。<br>⑶晋·刘昫：《旧唐书》卷40《地理三》：“隋旧治南沙城。”（北京，中华书局，1975年，1586页）<br>《读史方舆纪要》卷24《江南六》南沙废县：“县西北五十里。隋平陈废郡，又徙常熟县治焉。唐移县于今治，故城遂墟。今溪浦、三丈浦、黄泗浦西接江阴一带。其地犹名南沙乡。”（北京，中华书局，2册，1116页）</body></html>    ]]>  </source-note>  <source-uri>      </source-uri></placename>