<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><placename>  <system>China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University</system>  <license>CC BY-NC 4.0</license>  <uri>https://chgis.hudci.org/tgaz/placename/hvd_32386</uri> <spellings>    <spelling>      <written-form script="traditional Chinese">常州</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <written-form script="simplified Chinese">常州</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <transcription system="Pinyin">Chang Zhou</transcription>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>  </spellings>  <feature-type>    <name>州</name>    <alternate-name>州</alternate-name>    <transcription>zhou</transcription>    <translation lang="en">prefecture</translation>  </feature-type>  <temporal>    <begin>758</begin>    <begin-rule>4</begin-rule>    <end>1276</end>    <end-rule>4</end-rule>  </temporal>  <spatial>    <object-type>POINT</object-type>    <xy-type>point</xy-type>    <latitude-direction>N</latitude-direction>    <degrees-latitude>31.78278</degrees-latitude>    <longitude-direction>E</longitude-direction>    <degrees-longitude>119.95230</degrees-longitude>    <geo-source>FROM_AC</geo-source>    <present-location><br />
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     </present-location>  </spatial>  <historical-context>    <part-of-relationships>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30067" from="758" to="760" >        <parent-name>浙江西道节度使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhejiangxidao</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30068" from="761" to="765" >        <parent-name>浙江西道观察使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhejiangxidao</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30069" from="766" to="778" >        <parent-name>浙江西道都团练观察使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhejiangxidao</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30070" from="779" to="779" >        <parent-name>浙江东西道都团练观察使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhejiangdongxi</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30071" from="780" to="780" >        <parent-name>浙江西道团练观察使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhejiangxidao</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30072" from="781" to="786" >        <parent-name>浙江东西道节度使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhejiangdongxi</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30073" from="787" to="804" >        <parent-name>浙江西道都团练观察使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhejiangxidao</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30074" from="805" to="808" >        <parent-name>镇海军节度使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhenhaijun Jie</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30075" from="809" to="857" >        <parent-name>浙江西道观察使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhejiangxidao</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30076" from="858" to="858" >        <parent-name>镇海军节度使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhenhaijun Jie</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30077" from="859" to="861" >        <parent-name>浙江西道都团练观察使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhejiangxidao</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30078" from="862" to="892" >        <parent-name>镇海军节度使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhenhaijun Jie</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30081" from="893" to="911" >        <parent-name>镇海军节度使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhenhaijun Jiedushi</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30094" from="912" to="916" >        <parent-name>镇海军节度使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhenhaijun Jiedushi</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30095" from="917" to="936" >        <parent-name>镇海军节度使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhenhaijun Jiedushi</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30097" from="937" to="974" >        <parent-name>镇海军节度使</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Zhenhaijun Jiedushi</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30327" from="975" to="975" >        <parent-name>江南路</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jiangnan Lu</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30041" from="976" to="977" >        <parent-name>江南东路</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jiangnandong Lu</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30046" from="978" to="984" >        <parent-name>两浙东北路</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Liangzhedongbei Lu</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30047" from="985" to="1075" >        <parent-name>两浙路</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Liangzhe Lu</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30048" from="1076" to="1076" >        <parent-name>两浙西路</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Liangzhexi Lu</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30049" from="1077" to="1130" >        <parent-name>两浙路</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Liangzhe Lu</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30050" from="1131" to="1275" >        <parent-name>两浙西路</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Liangzhexi Lu</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30027" from="1276" to="1276" >        <parent-name>江淮行省</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jianghuai Xing</transcribed-name>      </part-of>    </part-of-relationships>    <subordinate-units><br />
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      <subordinate-unit sys-id="" from="" to="" ><br />
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        <name></name><br />
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        <transcribed-name></transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>    </subordinate-units>  </historical-context>  <data-source>CHGIS</data-source>  <source-note>    <![CDATA[      <html><body>常州（758-1276年）治所<br><br>唐乾元元年（758）改晋陵郡为常州。⑴五代先后属吴、南唐。唐升元中，升江阴县为军，州境缩小。宋淳化元年（990），江阴县来属，辖境扩大。宋淳化三年（992）江阴县复属江阴军，常州辖境缩小。熙宁四年（1071）废江阴军，江阴县来属，辖境再次扩大。南宋建炎二年（1128）复析置江阴军，常州辖境缩小。绍兴二十七年（1157）废江阴军，江阴县复来属，州境扩大。南宋绍兴三十一年（1161）复置江阴军，常州辖境缩小。元至元十四年（1277）改置常州路(2)。此间常州辖境屡有变化，但治所不变。<br><br>⑴晋·刘昫：《旧唐书》卷40《地理三》：“乾元元年，复为常州。”（北京，中华书局，1975年，1585页）<br>《太平寰宇记》卷92《江南东道四》：“乾元元年，复为常州。”（金陵书局刊本，18册，1页）<br>⑵明·宋廉等：《元史》卷62《地理五》；中华书局，1976年校点本，5册，1494页。</body></html>    ]]>  </source-note>  <source-uri>      </source-uri></placename>