{
  "system" : "China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University",
  "license" : "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "uri" : "https://chgis.hudci.org/tgaz/placename/hvd_82947",
  "sys_id" : "hvd_82947",
  "sys_id of alternate" : "",
  "spellings" : [
    {
      "written form" : "長淵縣",
      "script" : "traditional Chinese",
      "exonym language" : "",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    },
    {
      "written form" : "长渊县",
      "script" : "simplified Chinese",
      "exonym language" : "",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    },
    {
      "written form" : "Changyuan Xian",
      "transcribed in" : "Pinyin",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    }
  ],
  "feature_type" : {
    "name" : "县",
    "alternate name" : "縣",
    "transcription" : "xian",
    "English" : "county"
  },
  "temporal" : {
    "begin" : "552",
    "begin rule" : "4",
    "end" : "604",
    "end rule" : "4"
  },
  "spatial" : {
    "object_type" : "POINT",
    "xy_type" : "point",
    "latitude" : "34.34468",
    "longitude" : "111.46053",
    "source" : "FROM_FD",
    "present_location" : [
      {
        "country code" : "cn",
        "text" : "今河南洛宁西长水",
        "source" : "Fudan",
        "attestation" : ""
      }
    ]
  },
  "historical_context" : {
    "part of" : [
      {
        "begin year" : "552",
        "end year" : "582",
        "parent id" : "hvd_116079",
        "name" : "义川郡",
        "transcribed" : "Yichuan Jun"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "583",
        "end year" : "604",
        "parent id" : "hvd_110107",
        "name" : "虢州",
        "transcribed" : "Guo Zhou"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "605",
        "end year" : "606",
        "parent id" : "hvd_115352",
        "name" : "弘农郡",
        "transcribed" : "Hongnong Jun"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "607",
        "end year" : "616",
        "parent id" : "hvd_110169",
        "name" : "弘农郡",
        "transcribed" : "Hongnong Jun"
      }
    ],
    "subordinate units" : [
    ],
    "preceded by" : [
      {
        "preceded by id" : "hvd_82946",
        "name" : "南陕县",
        "transcribed" : "Nanshan Xian"
      }
    ]
  },
  "data source" : "CHGIS",
  "source note" : "长渊县          约552—604年          今河南洛宁西长水
西魏废帝元年（552年）改南陕为长渊，属义川郡，北周同。隋开皇三年（583年）属虢州，大业三年（605年）属弘农郡，义宁元年（617年）避讳改为长水（1）。治今河南洛宁西长水（3）。

注：
（1）《隋书》卷30《地理志中》：弘农郡，大业三年置；卢氏，西魏置义川郡，开皇初郡废，州改曰虢州，大业初州废；长泉，后魏曰南陕，西魏改焉。（北京，中华书局，1973年，3册，841页）《元和郡县志》卷5《河南道一》：长水县，后魏宣武帝分卢氏东境置南陕县，属弘农郡，西魏废帝改为长渊。隋义宁元年，犯讳改为长水。（北京，中华书局，1983年，上册，135页）王仲荦《北周地理志》卷7《河南上》；东义州义川郡长渊。（北京，中华书局，1980年，下册，609页）按：西废废帝仅二年。
（2）乾隆《河南府志》卷57《古迹志三》：唐长水城，永宁县治西有长水镇，去县治四十里。《清嘉庆一统志》卷206《河南府二?古迹》：长水废县，在永宁县西四十五里。县志，今县西有长渊乡长水镇。（《四部丛刊续编》76册，商务印书馆，1934年）1914年改永宁为洛宁，今洛宁西有长水，在洛河北岸。《河南省地名词典》：洛宁县长水，县西20.4公里，长水乡驻地，北魏为南陕县、长渊县、长水县治所，元至元三年废县为长水镇。（北京，商务印书馆，1993年，128页）",
  "source uri" : ""
}