{
  "system" : "China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University",
  "license" : "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "uri" : "https://chgis.hudci.org/tgaz/placename/hvd_34367",
  "sys_id" : "hvd_34367",
  "sys_id of alternate" : "",
  "spellings" : [
    {
      "written form" : "鄂州",
      "script" : "traditional Chinese",
      "exonym language" : "",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    },
    {
      "written form" : "鄂州",
      "script" : "simplified Chinese",
      "exonym language" : "",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    },
    {
      "written form" : "E Zhou",
      "transcribed in" : "Pinyin",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    }
  ],
  "feature_type" : {
    "name" : "州",
    "alternate name" : "州",
    "transcription" : "zhou",
    "English" : "prefecture"
  },
  "temporal" : {
    "begin" : "758",
    "begin rule" : "4",
    "end" : "1276",
    "end rule" : "4"
  },
  "spatial" : {
    "object_type" : "POINT",
    "xy_type" : "point",
    "latitude" : "30.57367",
    "longitude" : "114.30666",
    "source" : "FROM_FD",
    "present_location" : [
      {
        "country code" : "cn",
        "text" : "今湖北武汉市武昌",
        "source" : "Fudan",
        "attestation" : ""
      }
    ]
  },
  "historical_context" : {
    "part of" : [
    ],
    "subordinate units" : [
      {
        "begin_year" : "1007",
        "end_year" : "1070",
        "child id" : "hvd_43433",
        "name" : "咸宁县",
        "transcribed" : "Xianning Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1007",
        "end_year" : "1233",
        "child id" : "hvd_43433",
        "name" : "咸宁县",
        "transcribed" : "Xianning Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1071",
        "end_year" : "1276",
        "child id" : "hvd_43433",
        "name" : "咸宁县",
        "transcribed" : "Xianning Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1234",
        "end_year" : "1276",
        "child id" : "hvd_43433",
        "name" : "咸宁县",
        "transcribed" : "Xianning Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "743",
        "end_year" : "825",
        "child id" : "hvd_43434",
        "name" : "唐年县",
        "transcribed" : "Tangnian Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "826",
        "end_year" : "926",
        "child id" : "hvd_43434",
        "name" : "唐年县",
        "transcribed" : "Tangnian Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "937",
        "end_year" : "957",
        "child id" : "hvd_43436",
        "name" : "唐年县",
        "transcribed" : "Tangnian Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "958",
        "end_year" : "974",
        "child id" : "hvd_43436",
        "name" : "唐年县",
        "transcribed" : "Tangnian Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "953",
        "end_year" : "1233",
        "child id" : "hvd_43438",
        "name" : "嘉鱼县",
        "transcribed" : "Jiayu Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "953",
        "end_year" : "957",
        "child id" : "hvd_43438",
        "name" : "嘉鱼县",
        "transcribed" : "Jiayu Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "958",
        "end_year" : "1276",
        "child id" : "hvd_43438",
        "name" : "嘉鱼县",
        "transcribed" : "Jiayu Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1234",
        "end_year" : "1276",
        "child id" : "hvd_43438",
        "name" : "嘉鱼县",
        "transcribed" : "Jiayu Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "967",
        "end_year" : "976",
        "child id" : "hvd_43452",
        "name" : "大冶县",
        "transcribed" : "Daye Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "927",
        "end_year" : "936",
        "child id" : "hvd_43435",
        "name" : "崇阳县",
        "transcribed" : "Chongyang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "975",
        "end_year" : "1233",
        "child id" : "hvd_43437",
        "name" : "崇阳县",
        "transcribed" : "Chongyang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "975",
        "end_year" : "976",
        "child id" : "hvd_43437",
        "name" : "崇阳县",
        "transcribed" : "Chongyang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "977",
        "end_year" : "1276",
        "child id" : "hvd_43437",
        "name" : "崇阳县",
        "transcribed" : "Chongyang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1234",
        "end_year" : "1276",
        "child id" : "hvd_43437",
        "name" : "崇阳县",
        "transcribed" : "Chongyang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "1136",
        "child id" : "hvd_43425",
        "name" : "武昌县",
        "transcribed" : "Wuchang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "825",
        "child id" : "hvd_43425",
        "name" : "武昌县",
        "transcribed" : "Wuchang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "826",
        "end_year" : "1221",
        "child id" : "hvd_43425",
        "name" : "武昌县",
        "transcribed" : "Wuchang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1137",
        "end_year" : "1221",
        "child id" : "hvd_43425",
        "name" : "武昌县",
        "transcribed" : "Wuchang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "791",
        "child id" : "hvd_43450",
        "name" : "永兴县",
        "transcribed" : "Yongxing Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "792",
        "end_year" : "957",
        "child id" : "hvd_43451",
        "name" : "永兴县",
        "transcribed" : "Yongxing Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "792",
        "end_year" : "825",
        "child id" : "hvd_43451",
        "name" : "永兴县",
        "transcribed" : "Yongxing Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "826",
        "end_year" : "976",
        "child id" : "hvd_43451",
        "name" : "永兴县",
        "transcribed" : "Yongxing Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "958",
        "end_year" : "976",
        "child id" : "hvd_43451",
        "name" : "永兴县",
        "transcribed" : "Yongxing Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "954",
        "end_year" : "957",
        "child id" : "hvd_43432",
        "name" : "永安县",
        "transcribed" : "Yong'an Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "958",
        "end_year" : "1006",
        "child id" : "hvd_43432",
        "name" : "永安县",
        "transcribed" : "Yong'an Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "977",
        "end_year" : "1006",
        "child id" : "hvd_43432",
        "name" : "永安县",
        "transcribed" : "Yong'an Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "826",
        "end_year" : "957",
        "child id" : "hvd_43463",
        "name" : "汉阳县",
        "transcribed" : "Hanyang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1071",
        "end_year" : "1085",
        "child id" : "hvd_43463",
        "name" : "汉阳县",
        "transcribed" : "Hanyang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1135",
        "end_year" : "1136",
        "child id" : "hvd_43463",
        "name" : "汉阳县",
        "transcribed" : "Hanyang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "826",
        "end_year" : "957",
        "child id" : "hvd_43466",
        "name" : "汊川县",
        "transcribed" : "Chachuan Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "1233",
        "child id" : "hvd_43459",
        "name" : "江夏县",
        "transcribed" : "Jiangxia Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "825",
        "child id" : "hvd_43459",
        "name" : "江夏县",
        "transcribed" : "Jiangxia Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "826",
        "end_year" : "1276",
        "child id" : "hvd_43459",
        "name" : "江夏县",
        "transcribed" : "Jiangxia Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1234",
        "end_year" : "1276",
        "child id" : "hvd_43459",
        "name" : "江夏县",
        "transcribed" : "Jiangxia Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "825",
        "child id" : "hvd_43431",
        "name" : "蒲圻县",
        "transcribed" : "Puqi Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "1136",
        "child id" : "hvd_43431",
        "name" : "蒲圻县",
        "transcribed" : "Puqi Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "826",
        "end_year" : "1176",
        "child id" : "hvd_43431",
        "name" : "蒲圻县",
        "transcribed" : "Puqi Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1137",
        "end_year" : "1176",
        "child id" : "hvd_43431",
        "name" : "蒲圻县",
        "transcribed" : "Puqi Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1072",
        "end_year" : "1085",
        "child id" : "hvd_43442",
        "name" : "通城县",
        "transcribed" : "Tongcheng Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1086",
        "end_year" : "1134",
        "child id" : "hvd_43442",
        "name" : "通城县",
        "transcribed" : "Tongcheng Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1147",
        "end_year" : "1221",
        "child id" : "hvd_43443",
        "name" : "通城县",
        "transcribed" : "Tongcheng Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1147",
        "end_year" : "1233",
        "child id" : "hvd_43443",
        "name" : "通城县",
        "transcribed" : "Tongcheng Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1222",
        "end_year" : "1276",
        "child id" : "hvd_43443",
        "name" : "通城县",
        "transcribed" : "Tongcheng Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1234",
        "end_year" : "1276",
        "child id" : "hvd_43443",
        "name" : "通城县",
        "transcribed" : "Tongcheng Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "959",
        "end_year" : "976",
        "child id" : "hvd_43453",
        "name" : "通山县",
        "transcribed" : "Tongshan Xian"
      }
    ],
    "preceded by" : [
    ]
  },
  "data source" : "CHGIS",
  "source note" : "鄂州（758年—1276年）治所（钱林书编写）<br><br>唐乾元元年（758年）改江夏郡置。治江夏县，即今湖北武汉市武昌。（1）领有江夏、永兴、武昌、蒲圻、唐年县。（2）二年（759年）为鄂岳沔三州都团练守捉使治。永泰元年（765年）为鄂州观察使治。建中四年（783年）又为鄂州都团练观察使治。（3）元和元年（806年）为武昌军节度使治，五年（810年）为鄂岳都团练观察使治。（4）宝历二年（826年），增领汉阳、（氵义）川县。其后辖区多有变化，但治所未变。蒙古至元十四年（1277年）改为鄂州路。（5）<br><br>注：<br>（1）《旧唐书》卷40《地理志三-江南西道》鄂州：唐武德四年，改江夏郡为鄂州。“天宝元年，改为江夏郡。乾元元年（758年），复为鄂州。”治江夏县。（北京，中华书局，1975年，5册，1610页）顾祖禹《读史方舆纪要》卷76《湖广-武昌府》江夏县沙羡城：在府治西南。……有夏口城，今夏口城在城之西，黄鹄之东北。刘宋立郢州治此，因曰郢城。“隋鄂州亦治此，又置江夏县于郭内。今郡城相传即孙吴故址，本在黄鹤山上。”（北京，中华书局，1955年，4册，3214页）据牛汉平《清代政区沿革综表-湖北省总表》，武昌府江夏县即今湖北武汉市武昌。（北京，中国地图出版社，1990年，234页）当江夏县治，即今武汉市武昌。<br>（2）《旧唐书》卷40《地理志三-江南西道》鄂州：领有江夏、永兴、武昌、蒲圻、唐年（天宝二年置）县。（北京，中华书局，1975年，5册，1610页）《新唐书》卷41《地理志五-江南道》鄂州下所载同。（北京，中华书局，1975年，4册，1068、1069页）<br>（3）《新唐书》卷68《方镇表五》乾元二年（759年）：“置鄂、岳、沔三州都团练守捉使，治鄂州。”又永泰元年（765年）：“升鄂州都团练使为观察使。”又大历十四年（779年）“罢鄂州观察防御使。”又建中四年（783年），“复置鄂州都团练观察使。”（北京，中华书局，1975年，6册，1903、1905、1908、1909页）据吴廷燮《唐方镇年表并考证》六《鄂岳》建中四年：“李兼。赵憬《鄂州新厅记》：‘大历十四年（779年）八月，二使废。是年十月，命秘书监兼侍御史李公授之。’”（《二十五史补编》，北京，中华书局，1956年，6册，7442页）则大历十四年未罢鄂州观察防御使。按：应作乾元二年（759年）为鄂、岳、沔三州都团练守捉使治所。永泰元年（765年）为鄂州观察使治。建中四年（783年）又为鄂州都团练观察使治。<br>（4）《新唐书》卷68《方镇表五》元和元年（806年），“升鄂岳观察使（故作即鄂州都团练观察使）为武昌军节度使。”五年（810年），“罢武昌军节度使，置鄂岳都团练观察使。”（北京，中华书局，1975年，6册，1913、1914、1915页）按：姑作元和元年（806年）为武昌军节度使治，五年（810年）为鄂岳都团练观察使治。<br>（5）《元史》卷63《地理志六-湖广等处行中书省》武昌路：本鄂州。至元十一年（1274年）立荆湖等路行中书省，并本道安抚司。十四年（1277年）改安抚司为鄂州路总管府。”（北京，中华书局，1976年，5册，1523页）",
  "source uri" : ""
}