{
  "system" : "China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University",
  "license" : "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "uri" : "https://chgis.hudci.org/tgaz/placename/hvd_34053",
  "sys_id" : "hvd_34053",
  "sys_id of alternate" : "",
  "spellings" : [
    {
      "written form" : "羅州",
      "script" : "traditional Chinese",
      "exonym language" : "",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    },
    {
      "written form" : "罗州",
      "script" : "simplified Chinese",
      "exonym language" : "",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    },
    {
      "written form" : "Luo Zhou",
      "transcribed in" : "Pinyin",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    }
  ],
  "feature_type" : {
    "name" : "州",
    "alternate name" : "州",
    "transcription" : "zhou",
    "English" : "prefecture"
  },
  "temporal" : {
    "begin" : "758",
    "begin rule" : "4",
    "end" : "971",
    "end rule" : "4"
  },
  "spatial" : {
    "object_type" : "POINT",
    "xy_type" : "point",
    "latitude" : "21.74403",
    "longitude" : "110.32371",
    "source" : "FROM_FD",
    "present_location" : [
      {
        "country code" : "cn",
        "text" : "广东省廉江县北鹤地水库中",
        "source" : "Fudan",
        "attestation" : ""
      }
    ]
  },
  "historical_context" : {
    "part of" : [
      {
        "begin year" : "758",
        "end year" : "758",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30189",
        "name" : "邕管经略使兼都防御使",
        "transcribed" : "Yongguan Jingl"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "759",
        "end year" : "759",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30190",
        "name" : "邕管节度使",
        "transcribed" : "Yongguan Jiedu"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "760",
        "end year" : "763",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30191",
        "name" : "邕管都防御经略使",
        "transcribed" : "Yongguan Dufan"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "764",
        "end year" : "769",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30192",
        "name" : "桂邕都防御观察招讨处置",
        "transcribed" : "Guiyong Dufang"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "770",
        "end year" : "805",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30193",
        "name" : "邕管都防御经略使",
        "transcribed" : "Yongguan Dufan"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "806",
        "end year" : "861",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30185",
        "name" : "岭南节度使",
        "transcribed" : "Lingnan Jiedus"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "862",
        "end year" : "894",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30186",
        "name" : "岭南东道节度使",
        "transcribed" : "Lingnandongdao"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "895",
        "end year" : "916",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30187",
        "name" : "清海军节度使",
        "transcribed" : "Qinghaijun Jie"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "971",
        "end year" : "971",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30180",
        "name" : "岭南路",
        "transcribed" : "Lingnan Lu"
      }
    ],
    "subordinate units" : [
      {
        "begin_year" : "622",
        "end_year" : "757",
        "child id" : "hvd_44287",
        "name" : "南河县",
        "transcribed" : "Nanhe Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "623",
        "end_year" : "772",
        "child id" : "hvd_44287",
        "name" : "南河县",
        "transcribed" : "Nanhe Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "772",
        "child id" : "hvd_44287",
        "name" : "南河县",
        "transcribed" : "Nanhe Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "971",
        "child id" : "hvd_42414",
        "name" : "吴川县",
        "transcribed" : "Wuchuan Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "971",
        "child id" : "hvd_42422",
        "name" : "干水县",
        "transcribed" : "Ganshui Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "971",
        "child id" : "hvd_42417",
        "name" : "廉江县",
        "transcribed" : "Lianjiang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "971",
        "child id" : "hvd_42423",
        "name" : "零绿县",
        "transcribed" : "Linglv Xian"
      }
    ],
    "preceded by" : [
      {
        "preceded by id" : "hvd_34131",
        "name" : "招义郡",
        "transcribed" : "Zhaoyi Jun"
      }
    ]
  },
  "data source" : "CHGIS",
  "source note" : "<html><body>罗州（758-971年）治所<br><br>唐乾元元年（758年），以招义郡更名，属岭南道（1）。领廉江、吴川、干水、南河、零绿、招义六县。州治廉江县，治所在今广东省廉江县北鹤地水库中。辖境相当今广东省廉江县和吴川县鉴江西侧至吴川、博茂以西地区以及湛江市五里山港以东及硇洲岛地区和广西陆川县更古岭以南的九洲江流域（2）。大历八年（773年），析南河县隶顺州，境域缩小。宋开宝五年（972年），废入辩州（3）。<br><br>————————————————————<br>（1），《旧唐书》卷41?岭南道?罗州：“隋高凉郡之石龙县地。武德五年，于县置罗州，领石龙、吴川、陵罗、龙化、罗辩、南河、石城、招义、零绿、慈廉、罗肥十一县。六年，移罗州于石城县，于旧所置南石州，割石龙、陵罗、龙化、罗辩、慈廉、罗肥属南石州。天宝元年，改为招义郡。乾元元年，复为罗州。旧领县五：石城，州所治，汉合浦郡地，宋将檀道济于陵罗江口筑石城，因置罗州，属高凉郡，唐复置罗州于县；吴川，隋县；招义，武德五年，析石龙县置也；南河，武德五年，析石龙县置也；零绿（原文脱，今补），武德五年，析石龙县置也。”（北京，中华书局，1975年，5册，1741页）。<br>《唐书》卷43上?地理7：“罗州招义郡。本石城郡，武德五年以高凉郡之石龙、吴川置，六年徙治石城。县四：廉江，本石城，以石城水名，武德五年析石龙、吴川置南河、石城、招义、零绿、石龙、陵罗、龙化、罗辩、慈廉、罗肥十县，后以石龙而下六县隶南石州，天宝元年更名，大历八年以南河隶顺州；吴川；干水，本石龙，武德五年曰招义，天宝元年更名，以干水名；零绿，以零绿水名。”（北京，中华书局，1975年，4册，1099页）。<br>（2），所领廉江、吴川、干水、南河、零绿、招义六县，廉江县治所在今广东省廉江县北鹤地水库中，吴川县治所即今广东省吴川县西南吴阳镇，干水县治所在今广东省廉江县西北长山镇，南河县治所即今广西陆川县南古城村，零绿县治所即今广东省廉江县西南凌绿村，招义县治所在今广东省廉江县西北长山镇。据此并参考宣统元年《广东舆地全图》，辖境相当今广东省廉江县和吴川县鉴江西侧至吴川、博茂以西地区以及湛江市五里山港以东及硇洲岛地区和广西陆川县更古岭以南的九洲江流域。<br>（3）《舆地纪胜》卷116?广南西路?化州?吴川县：“国朝《会要》，开宝五年，废（罗）州，省廉江、零绿、干水三县入吴川，隶化州。”（北京，中华书局，1992年，4册，3414页）。《宋史?地理志》同。<br>《太平寰宇记》卷167?化州?吴川县：作太平兴国五年废罗州、廉江、零绿、干水（金陵书局，光绪八年刊本，30册）。不从。</body></html>",
  "source uri" : ""
}