{
  "system" : "China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University",
  "license" : "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "uri" : "https://chgis.hudci.org/tgaz/placename/hvd_32812",
  "sys_id" : "hvd_32812",
  "sys_id of alternate" : "",
  "spellings" : [
    {
      "written form" : "長沙郡",
      "script" : "traditional Chinese",
      "exonym language" : "",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    },
    {
      "written form" : "长沙郡",
      "script" : "simplified Chinese",
      "exonym language" : "",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    },
    {
      "written form" : "Changsha Jun",
      "transcribed in" : "Pinyin",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    }
  ],
  "feature_type" : {
    "name" : "郡",
    "alternate name" : "郡",
    "transcription" : "jun",
    "English" : "commandery"
  },
  "temporal" : {
    "begin" : "-157",
    "begin rule" : "4",
    "end" : "-156",
    "end rule" : "4"
  },
  "spatial" : {
    "object_type" : "POINT",
    "xy_type" : "point",
    "latitude" : "28.19820",
    "longitude" : "112.97813",
    "source" : "FROM_AC",
    "present_location" : [
      {
        "country code" : "cn",
        "text" : "湖南长沙市城区",
        "source" : "Fudan",
        "attestation" : ""
      }
    ]
  },
  "historical_context" : {
    "part of" : [
      {
        "begin year" : "-157",
        "end year" : "-156",
        "parent id" : "hvd_113652",
        "name" : "西汉",
        "transcribed" : "Xihan"
      }
    ],
    "subordinate units" : [
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_41904",
        "name" : "临沅县",
        "transcribed" : "Linyuan Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_41714",
        "name" : "临湘县",
        "transcribed" : "Linxiang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_41686",
        "name" : "便侯国",
        "transcribed" : "Bian Houguo"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_42005",
        "name" : "夫夷县",
        "transcribed" : "Fuyi Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_40930",
        "name" : "安成县",
        "transcribed" : "Ancheng Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_40961",
        "name" : "宜春县",
        "transcribed" : "Yichun Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_41215",
        "name" : "建成县",
        "transcribed" : "Jiancheng Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_41879",
        "name" : "承阳县",
        "transcribed" : "Chengyang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_42013",
        "name" : "昭陵县",
        "transcribed" : "Zhaoling Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_41953",
        "name" : "泠道县",
        "transcribed" : "Lingdao Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_41777",
        "name" : "湘南县",
        "transcribed" : "Xiangnan Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_41755",
        "name" : "益阳县",
        "transcribed" : "Yiyang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_41900",
        "name" : "索县",
        "transcribed" : "Suo Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_41775",
        "name" : "罗县",
        "transcribed" : "Luo Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_41848",
        "name" : "耒阳县",
        "transcribed" : "Leiyang Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_42001",
        "name" : "舂陵县",
        "transcribed" : "Chongling Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_41980",
        "name" : "营浦县",
        "transcribed" : "Yingpu Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_41776",
        "name" : "连道县",
        "transcribed" : "Liandao Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_41877",
        "name" : "酃县",
        "transcribed" : "Ling Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "-157",
        "end_year" : "-156",
        "child id" : "hvd_41836",
        "name" : "阳山县",
        "transcribed" : "Yangshan Xian"
      }
    ],
    "preceded by" : [
      {
        "preceded by id" : "hvd_32811",
        "name" : "长沙国",
        "transcribed" : "Changsha Guo"
      }
    ]
  },
  "data source" : "CHGIS",
  "source note" : "<html><body>长沙郡（前157年-前156年）治所和界线<br><br>西汉文帝后元七年（前157年），长沙王无后，国除，⑴直辖地改置长沙郡。⑵治临湘县（今湖南长沙市城区）。景帝二年（前155年）改置长沙国。⑶<br><br>按：《汉书·地理志》长沙国有安成、容陵、攸、茶陵4县，《续汉书·郡国志》长沙郡有攸、荼陵、安城、容陵等4县。是此4县确曾属长沙国（郡）。但此4县是何时由豫章郡、桂阳郡改属长沙国，很难考证。周振鹤《西汉政区地理》：“此四侯国理应别属汉郡，史籍既无益地长沙的记载，似不应回属长沙国，颇疑《汉志》有误。”现在因难以考证，暂将这四个侯国的变化，在图上不予反映，视作一直在长沙国内。<br><br>东界：<br>北段约在今江西省南昌、清江、吉安等市县以西，南段当以罗霄山脉、即今江西与湖南间省界为界，大至南到今湖南酃县境止。<br><br>南界：<br>西段仍旧，没有变动。周振鹤《西汉政区地理》：“元鼎六年，南越平。在此以前，桂阳郡与南越以阳山关为界（据《南越列传》，南越之北界有横浦、阳山、湟溪三关）。长沙马王堆汉墓出土的古地图使吴姓长沙国南界，亦即桂阳郡南界更加明确：西起秦汉零陵县西南，东南行经灵渠，越海阳山，都庞岭，从今江永县治之南循今湘桂省界南折东，又东经连县南抵秦汉阳山关折东北穿乐昌峡，折东循今湘粤省界（参见谭其骧《马王堆汉墓出土地图说明的几个历史地理问题》）。”（人民出版社，127页）约在今广西壮族自治区兴安县南，向东南接湖南省南界，接桂阳郡界。<br>东段即桂阳郡北界，桂阳郡北界从西向东先后设有营浦、南平、郴县等县。因舂陵县在今湖南宁远县治北柏家坪镇，泠道县治所在今湖南蓝山县西北祠堂圩乡。故西部界线当在今宁远县北部一线。故界线当在今宁远县北部一线，向东经今嘉禾、桂阳以北，经今永兴、郴州之间，又东北向经郴县北，复折东至今湖南酃县南界止。<br><br>西界：<br>南段，汉武帝元鼎六年（前111年）分桂阳郡置零陵郡，而桂阳郡又是析长沙国置。因此长沙国西界当即汉武帝元鼎六年的零陵郡西界，即零陵郡始安、都梁等县的西界。始安县治所在今广西壮族自治区桂林市区，都梁县治所在今湖南武冈县治所东七里桥。因此，界线当在今广西兴安、湖南武冈、隆回等县以西。南端在今广西壮族自治区境内，具体界线走向待考。<br>北段即武陵郡东界，在资水流域与沅水流域之间。因临沅县地当时属于长沙国，故本阶段的武陵郡最东的一个县为零阳县（治所在今湖南慈利县驻地东侧）。东汉时，在今湖南桃源县驻地东侧建有沅南县，但此沅南县之区域原属何县，未见史料记载。参考本地区的地形，暂以清代桃源县、石门县东界为武陵郡的东界。向西南，为武陵县（今常德市）与益阳县、安化县界。光绪《湖南通志》武陵县图在县南界有九龙山，《湖南古今地名辞典》之《常德市市区地名图》（282页）在县南界亦有九龙山，古今界线当同。又西南，为桃源县与安化县界，界线沿山脉走向而成。光绪《湖南通志》桃源县南有乌云界在界线上，《湖南省地图册》桃源县幅在县南界线上也有乌云界，高1028米。参考山脉南北两侧水系走向，此段界线古今相同。向南，当以雪峰山脉为界。<br><br>北界：<br>周振鹤《西汉政区地理》：“华容与州陵《汉志》皆南郡属县，纬度与高城差不多，《汉书·诸侯王表·序》云：‘波汉之阳，亘九嶷，为长沙。’华容、州陵二县地颇近汉水，或可与波阳之阳冥合。”（人民出版社，125页）因此，界线当在今湖北沙市以南一带，待详考。<br><br>⑴西汉·司马迁：《史记》卷17《汉兴以来诸侯王年表第五》：文帝后元七年，“来朝。薨，无后，国除。”（北京，中华书局，1959年顾颉刚等校点本，第3册，第838页）<br>⑵周振鹤著：《西汉政区地理》第10章《长沙国沿革》：“文帝后元七年，长沙王无后，国除为长沙、桂阳、武陵三郡。”（北京，人民出版社，1987年，第122页）<br>⑶西汉·司马迁：《史记》卷17《汉兴以来诸侯王年表第五》：景帝二年，“三月甲寅，定王发元年。景帝子。”（北京，中华书局，1959年顾颉刚等校点本，第3册，第838页）</body></html>",
  "source uri" : ""
}