{
  "system" : "China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University",
  "license" : "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "uri" : "https://chgis.hudci.org/tgaz/placename/hvd_32386",
  "sys_id" : "hvd_32386",
  "sys_id of alternate" : "",
  "spellings" : [
    {
      "written form" : "常州",
      "script" : "traditional Chinese",
      "exonym language" : "",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    },
    {
      "written form" : "常州",
      "script" : "simplified Chinese",
      "exonym language" : "",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    },
    {
      "written form" : "Chang Zhou",
      "transcribed in" : "Pinyin",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    }
  ],
  "feature_type" : {
    "name" : "州",
    "alternate name" : "州",
    "transcription" : "zhou",
    "English" : "prefecture"
  },
  "temporal" : {
    "begin" : "758",
    "begin rule" : "4",
    "end" : "1276",
    "end rule" : "4"
  },
  "spatial" : {
    "object_type" : "POINT",
    "xy_type" : "point",
    "latitude" : "31.78278",
    "longitude" : "119.95230",
    "source" : "FROM_AC",
    "present_location" : [
      {
        "country code" : "cn",
        "text" : "今江苏常州市区",
        "source" : "Fudan",
        "attestation" : ""
      }
    ]
  },
  "historical_context" : {
    "part of" : [
      {
        "begin year" : "758",
        "end year" : "760",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30067",
        "name" : "浙江西道节度使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhejiangxidao"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "761",
        "end year" : "765",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30068",
        "name" : "浙江西道观察使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhejiangxidao"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "766",
        "end year" : "778",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30069",
        "name" : "浙江西道都团练观察使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhejiangxidao"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "779",
        "end year" : "779",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30070",
        "name" : "浙江东西道都团练观察使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhejiangdongxi"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "780",
        "end year" : "780",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30071",
        "name" : "浙江西道团练观察使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhejiangxidao"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "781",
        "end year" : "786",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30072",
        "name" : "浙江东西道节度使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhejiangdongxi"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "787",
        "end year" : "804",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30073",
        "name" : "浙江西道都团练观察使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhejiangxidao"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "805",
        "end year" : "808",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30074",
        "name" : "镇海军节度使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhenhaijun Jie"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "809",
        "end year" : "857",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30075",
        "name" : "浙江西道观察使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhejiangxidao"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "858",
        "end year" : "858",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30076",
        "name" : "镇海军节度使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhenhaijun Jie"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "859",
        "end year" : "861",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30077",
        "name" : "浙江西道都团练观察使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhejiangxidao"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "862",
        "end year" : "892",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30078",
        "name" : "镇海军节度使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhenhaijun Jie"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "893",
        "end year" : "911",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30081",
        "name" : "镇海军节度使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhenhaijun Jiedushi"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "912",
        "end year" : "916",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30094",
        "name" : "镇海军节度使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhenhaijun Jiedushi"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "917",
        "end year" : "936",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30095",
        "name" : "镇海军节度使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhenhaijun Jiedushi"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "937",
        "end year" : "974",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30097",
        "name" : "镇海军节度使",
        "transcribed" : "Zhenhaijun Jiedushi"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "975",
        "end year" : "975",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30327",
        "name" : "江南路",
        "transcribed" : "Jiangnan Lu"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "976",
        "end year" : "977",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30041",
        "name" : "江南东路",
        "transcribed" : "Jiangnandong Lu"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "978",
        "end year" : "984",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30046",
        "name" : "两浙东北路",
        "transcribed" : "Liangzhedongbei Lu"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "985",
        "end year" : "1075",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30047",
        "name" : "两浙路",
        "transcribed" : "Liangzhe Lu"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "1076",
        "end year" : "1076",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30048",
        "name" : "两浙西路",
        "transcribed" : "Liangzhexi Lu"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "1077",
        "end year" : "1130",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30049",
        "name" : "两浙路",
        "transcribed" : "Liangzhe Lu"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "1131",
        "end year" : "1275",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30050",
        "name" : "两浙西路",
        "transcribed" : "Liangzhexi Lu"
      },
      {
        "begin year" : "1276",
        "end year" : "1276",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30027",
        "name" : "江淮行省",
        "transcribed" : "Jianghuai Xing"
      }
    ],
    "subordinate units" : [
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "975",
        "child id" : "hvd_40503",
        "name" : "义兴县",
        "transcribed" : "Yixing Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "976",
        "end_year" : "1276",
        "child id" : "hvd_40469",
        "name" : "宜兴县",
        "transcribed" : "Yixing Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "1276",
        "child id" : "hvd_40445",
        "name" : "无锡县",
        "transcribed" : "Wuxi Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "1276",
        "child id" : "hvd_40452",
        "name" : "晋陵县",
        "transcribed" : "Jinling Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "1276",
        "child id" : "hvd_40457",
        "name" : "武进县",
        "transcribed" : "Wujin Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "758",
        "end_year" : "939",
        "child id" : "hvd_40434",
        "name" : "江阴县",
        "transcribed" : "Jiangyin Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "990",
        "end_year" : "991",
        "child id" : "hvd_40434",
        "name" : "江阴县",
        "transcribed" : "Jiangyin Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1071",
        "end_year" : "1127",
        "child id" : "hvd_40434",
        "name" : "江阴县",
        "transcribed" : "Jiangyin Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1157",
        "end_year" : "1160",
        "child id" : "hvd_40434",
        "name" : "江阴县",
        "transcribed" : "Jiangyin Xian"
      }
    ],
    "preceded by" : [
      {
        "preceded by id" : "hvd_32030",
        "name" : "晋陵郡",
        "transcribed" : "Jinling Jun"
      }
    ]
  },
  "data source" : "CHGIS",
  "source note" : "<html><body>常州（758-1276年）治所<br><br>唐乾元元年（758）改晋陵郡为常州。⑴五代先后属吴、南唐。唐升元中，升江阴县为军，州境缩小。宋淳化元年（990），江阴县来属，辖境扩大。宋淳化三年（992）江阴县复属江阴军，常州辖境缩小。熙宁四年（1071）废江阴军，江阴县来属，辖境再次扩大。南宋建炎二年（1128）复析置江阴军，常州辖境缩小。绍兴二十七年（1157）废江阴军，江阴县复来属，州境扩大。南宋绍兴三十一年（1161）复置江阴军，常州辖境缩小。元至元十四年（1277）改置常州路(2)。此间常州辖境屡有变化，但治所不变。<br><br>⑴晋·刘昫：《旧唐书》卷40《地理三》：“乾元元年，复为常州。”（北京，中华书局，1975年，1585页）<br>《太平寰宇记》卷92《江南东道四》：“乾元元年，复为常州。”（金陵书局刊本，18册，1页）<br>⑵明·宋廉等：《元史》卷62《地理五》；中华书局，1976年校点本，5册，1494页。</body></html>",
  "source uri" : ""
}