{
  "system" : "China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University",
  "license" : "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "uri" : "https://chgis.hudci.org/tgaz/placename/hvd_121018",
  "sys_id" : "hvd_121018",
  "sys_id of alternate" : "",
  "spellings" : [
    {
      "written form" : "如皋縣",
      "script" : "traditional Chinese",
      "exonym language" : "",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    },
    {
      "written form" : "如皋县",
      "script" : "simplified Chinese",
      "exonym language" : "",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    },
    {
      "written form" : "Rugao Xian",
      "transcribed in" : "Pinyin",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    }
  ],
  "feature_type" : {
    "name" : "县",
    "alternate name" : "縣",
    "transcription" : "xian",
    "English" : "county"
  },
  "temporal" : {
    "begin" : "1911",
    "begin rule" : "9",
    "end" : "1911",
    "end rule" : "9"
  },
  "spatial" : {
    "object_type" : "POINT",
    "xy_type" : "point",
    "latitude" : "32.38402",
    "longitude" : "120.55866",
    "source" : "FROM_AC",
    "present_location" : [
      {
        "country code" : "cn",
        "text" : "江苏如皋县治",
        "source" : "Fudan",
        "attestation" : ""
      }
    ]
  },
  "historical_context" : {
    "part of" : [
      {
        "begin year" : "1911",
        "end year" : "1911",
        "parent id" : "hvd_120103",
        "name" : "通州",
        "transcribed" : "Tong Zhou"
      }
    ],
    "subordinate units" : [
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125344",
        "name" : "丁堰镇",
        "transcribed" : "Dingyanzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125356",
        "name" : "丁家所市",
        "transcribed" : "Dingjiasuoshi"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125343",
        "name" : "东陈镇",
        "transcribed" : "Dongchenzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125351",
        "name" : "丰利场镇",
        "transcribed" : "Fenglichangzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125352",
        "name" : "北坎镇",
        "transcribed" : "Beikanzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125354",
        "name" : "南坎镇",
        "transcribed" : "Nankanzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125347",
        "name" : "双甸镇",
        "transcribed" : "Shuangdianzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125340",
        "name" : "吴家窑镇",
        "transcribed" : "Wujiayaozhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125353",
        "name" : "孙家窑",
        "transcribed" : "Sunjiayao"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125348",
        "name" : "岔河镇",
        "transcribed" : "Chahezhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125350",
        "name" : "掘港镇",
        "transcribed" : "Juegangzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125355",
        "name" : "李堡镇",
        "transcribed" : "Libaozhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125361",
        "name" : "李家桥镇",
        "transcribed" : "Lijiaqiaozhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125345",
        "name" : "林梓",
        "transcribed" : "Linzi"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125342",
        "name" : "柴湾市",
        "transcribed" : "Chaiwanshi"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125358",
        "name" : "油坊头镇",
        "transcribed" : "Youfangtouzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125346",
        "name" : "白蒲镇",
        "transcribed" : "Baipuzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125341",
        "name" : "石庄镇",
        "transcribed" : "Shizhuangzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125339",
        "name" : "磨头镇",
        "transcribed" : "Motouzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125359",
        "name" : "薛家窑镇",
        "transcribed" : "Xuejiayaozhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125357",
        "name" : "西场镇",
        "transcribed" : "Xichangzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125360",
        "name" : "郭家园镇",
        "transcribed" : "Guojiayuanzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125349",
        "name" : "马塘镇",
        "transcribed" : "Matangzhen"
      }
    ],
    "preceded by" : [
    ]
  },
  "data source" : "CHGIS",
  "source note" : "<html><body>江苏省数据（1911年）<br><br>江苏省的聚落数据依据《江苏全省分图》（亚新地图学社编，民国元年（1912年））。由于早期地图存在投影和定位精度问题，不能依据地图图像直接数字化。CHGIS项目使用转移定位法，对聚落位置作重新定位，重新定位的基础数字地图是采用中华人民共和国国家测绘局制作的“1:100万中国数字地图（国际版，1990年时点）（简称ArcChina）”。重新定位的主要依据是地名的延续性，《江苏全省分图》中标示的许多聚落在ArcChina的聚落数据（RESPT层）中，都有相同的名称，即同一个地点。此外，参照聚落与河流的位置关系，以及临近聚落之间的相对方位关系，最后确定江苏省1911年聚落的定位。1911年县界走向的主要依据有两个，1）聚落，聚落归属关系在《江苏全省分图》中已有明确标示，定位后的1911年聚落位置可以与ArcChina的县界数据（CNTY层）作比较（其中江宁、镇江、常州、苏州、松江、太仓等六府州中的县界参考CHGIS数据中1820年的县界），2）参考界县与河流及山脉等自然要素的相对关系，确定1911年县界在ArcChina底图上的位置，如果相同，则使用CNTY层数据，如果不相同，依据以上关系重新绘制。府级界线据县级界线合并而成，省级界线处理方法相同。</body></html>",
  "source uri" : ""
}