{
  "system" : "China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University",
  "license" : "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "uri" : "https://chgis.hudci.org/tgaz/placename/hvd_120103",
  "sys_id" : "hvd_120103",
  "sys_id of alternate" : "",
  "spellings" : [
    {
      "written form" : "通州",
      "script" : "traditional Chinese",
      "exonym language" : "",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    },
    {
      "written form" : "通州",
      "script" : "simplified Chinese",
      "exonym language" : "",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    },
    {
      "written form" : "Tong Zhou",
      "transcribed in" : "Pinyin",
      "attested by" : "",
      "note" : ""
    }
  ],
  "feature_type" : {
    "name" : "直隶州",
    "alternate name" : "直隸州",
    "transcription" : "zhi li zhou",
    "English" : "independent prefecture"
  },
  "temporal" : {
    "begin" : "1911",
    "begin rule" : "9",
    "end" : "1911",
    "end rule" : "9"
  },
  "spatial" : {
    "object_type" : "POINT",
    "xy_type" : "point",
    "latitude" : "32.01047",
    "longitude" : "120.85464",
    "source" : "FROM_FD",
    "present_location" : [
      {
        "country code" : "cn",
        "text" : "江苏南通市治",
        "source" : "Fudan",
        "attestation" : ""
      }
    ]
  },
  "historical_context" : {
    "part of" : [
      {
        "begin year" : "1911",
        "end year" : "1911",
        "parent id" : "hvd_30035",
        "name" : "江苏省",
        "transcribed" : "Jiangsu Sheng"
      }
    ],
    "subordinate units" : [
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136441",
        "name" : "三垡",
        "transcribed" : "Sanfa"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125385",
        "name" : "三甲镇",
        "transcribed" : "Sanjiazhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136417",
        "name" : "三间房",
        "transcribed" : "Sanjianfang"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125376",
        "name" : "二甲镇",
        "transcribed" : "Erjiazhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125372",
        "name" : "五总铺",
        "transcribed" : "Wuzongpu"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136434",
        "name" : "任家庄",
        "transcribed" : "Renjiazhuang"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125378",
        "name" : "余东镇",
        "transcribed" : "Yudongzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136442",
        "name" : "元化",
        "transcribed" : "Yuanhua"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125384",
        "name" : "六甲坝镇",
        "transcribed" : "Liujiabazhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125370",
        "name" : "兴仁镇",
        "transcribed" : "Xingrenzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136435",
        "name" : "刘家庄",
        "transcribed" : "Liujiazhuang"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136422",
        "name" : "前何各庄",
        "transcribed" : "Qianhegezhuang"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125379",
        "name" : "包场镇",
        "transcribed" : "Baochangzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125364",
        "name" : "北刘桥镇",
        "transcribed" : "Beiliuqiaozhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136436",
        "name" : "北庄头",
        "transcribed" : "Beizhuangtou"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136437",
        "name" : "南庄头",
        "transcribed" : "Nanzhuangtou"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136416",
        "name" : "双桥",
        "transcribed" : "Shuangqiao"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136432",
        "name" : "召里",
        "transcribed" : "Zhaoli"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136419",
        "name" : "台户庄",
        "transcribed" : "Taihuzhuang"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125380",
        "name" : "吕思场镇",
        "transcribed" : "Lvsichangzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136426",
        "name" : "和合驿",
        "transcribed" : "Heheyi"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125365",
        "name" : "唐闸市",
        "transcribed" : "Tangzhashi"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125377",
        "name" : "四甲坝镇",
        "transcribed" : "Sijiabazhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136430",
        "name" : "大东各庄",
        "transcribed" : "Dadonggezhuang"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136411",
        "name" : "大周易",
        "transcribed" : "Dazhouyi"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136443",
        "name" : "大柳树",
        "transcribed" : "Daliushu"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136431",
        "name" : "大营",
        "transcribed" : "Daying"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125362",
        "name" : "天生镇",
        "transcribed" : "Tianshengzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_121018",
        "name" : "如皋县",
        "transcribed" : "Rugao Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136418",
        "name" : "娄子庄",
        "transcribed" : "Louzizhuang"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136444",
        "name" : "小甸屯",
        "transcribed" : "Xiaodiantun"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136428",
        "name" : "尹家河",
        "transcribed" : "Yinjiahe"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136447",
        "name" : "岗子村",
        "transcribed" : "Gangzicun"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125366",
        "name" : "川港镇",
        "transcribed" : "Chuangangzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136438",
        "name" : "平家滩",
        "transcribed" : "Pingjiatan"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125363",
        "name" : "平潮镇",
        "transcribed" : "Pingchaozhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136421",
        "name" : "张家湾",
        "transcribed" : "Zhangjiawan"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125367",
        "name" : "张芝山镇",
        "transcribed" : "Zhangzhishanzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136439",
        "name" : "德仁务铺",
        "transcribed" : "Derenwupu"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125383",
        "name" : "新河镇",
        "transcribed" : "Xinhezhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125369",
        "name" : "新港镇",
        "transcribed" : "Xingangzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136412",
        "name" : "李家务",
        "transcribed" : "Lijiawu"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136433",
        "name" : "杨家庄",
        "transcribed" : "Yangjiazhuang"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136448",
        "name" : "枣林",
        "transcribed" : "Zaolin"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136420",
        "name" : "水南村",
        "transcribed" : "Shuinancun"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136425",
        "name" : "永乐店",
        "transcribed" : "Yongledian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_121017",
        "name" : "泰兴县",
        "transcribed" : "Taixing Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136423",
        "name" : "漷县",
        "transcribed" : "Kuo Xian"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136446",
        "name" : "牛堡屯",
        "transcribed" : "Niubaotun"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136450",
        "name" : "盛家屯",
        "transcribed" : "Shengjiatun"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125371",
        "name" : "石港场镇",
        "transcribed" : "Shigangchangzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125368",
        "name" : "竹行镇",
        "transcribed" : "Zhuhangzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136427",
        "name" : "肖家林",
        "transcribed" : "Xiaojialin"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136415",
        "name" : "董村",
        "transcribed" : "Dongcun"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125373",
        "name" : "西亭镇",
        "transcribed" : "Xitingzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136445",
        "name" : "西田阳",
        "transcribed" : "Xitianyang"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136429",
        "name" : "西集",
        "transcribed" : "Xiji"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136449",
        "name" : "赵家辛庄",
        "transcribed" : "Zhaojiaxinzhuang"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136413",
        "name" : "辛店村",
        "transcribed" : "Xindiancun"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125374",
        "name" : "金沙镇",
        "transcribed" : "Jinshazhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136424",
        "name" : "马头",
        "transcribed" : "Matou"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136440",
        "name" : "马房",
        "transcribed" : "Mafang"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136410",
        "name" : "马驹桥",
        "transcribed" : "Majuqiao"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136414",
        "name" : "驸马庄",
        "transcribed" : "Fmazhuang"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_125375",
        "name" : "骑岸镇",
        "transcribed" : "Qi'anzhen"
      },
      {
        "begin_year" : "1911",
        "end_year" : "1911",
        "child id" : "hvd_136451",
        "name" : "高庙",
        "transcribed" : "Gaomiao"
      }
    ],
    "preceded by" : [
    ]
  },
  "data source" : "CHGIS",
  "source note" : "<html><body>江苏省数据（1911年）<br><br>江苏省的聚落数据依据《江苏全省分图》（亚新地图学社编，民国元年（1912年））。由于早期地图存在投影和定位精度问题，不能依据地图图像直接数字化。CHGIS项目使用转移定位法，对聚落位置作重新定位，重新定位的基础数字地图是采用中华人民共和国国家测绘局制作的“1:100万中国数字地图（国际版，1990年时点）（简称ArcChina）”。重新定位的主要依据是地名的延续性，《江苏全省分图》中标示的许多聚落在ArcChina的聚落数据（RESPT层）中，都有相同的名称，即同一个地点。此外，参照聚落与河流的位置关系，以及临近聚落之间的相对方位关系，最后确定江苏省1911年聚落的定位。1911年县界走向的主要依据有两个，1）聚落，聚落归属关系在《江苏全省分图》中已有明确标示，定位后的1911年聚落位置可以与ArcChina的县界数据（CNTY层）作比较（其中江宁、镇江、常州、苏州、松江、太仓等六府州中的县界参考CHGIS数据中1820年的县界），2）参考界县与河流及山脉等自然要素的相对关系，确定1911年县界在ArcChina底图上的位置，如果相同，则使用CNTY层数据，如果不相同，依据以上关系重新绘制。府级界线据县级界线合并而成，省级界线处理方法相同。</body></html>",
  "source uri" : ""
}